A Youti yuanshi fossil shows the role fledgling nervous systems played in the evolution of arthropods.
Sometimes daydreams turn into reality. As an undergrad, Martin Smith remembers attending a lecture that stuck with him. The talk touched on the difficulty of showing how ancient wormlike creatures evolved into more complex organisms with arms and legs — like insects, spiders, crabs, and centipedes.
Smith suspects that the recently dead larva fell into phosphorous-rich waters with just the right chemical conditions. Although the larva they examined was smaller than a poppy seed, scanning it with a high-energy imaging technique at thein Oxfordshire, England, yielded amazing detail, including 3D pictures of the organism’s brain, digestive glands, circulatory system, and nerves to the larva’s legs and eyes.
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