A biography of Frantz Fanon examines the psychiatric clinic he ran in Algeria.

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A biography of Frantz Fanon examines the psychiatric clinic he ran in Algeria.
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An outstanding new biography of Frantz Fanon sees the psychiatric clinic he ran in Algeria as a cornerstone of his thinking and activism.

How could the psychiatrist treat his patients’ psychic wounds while fighting against their dehumanization?Source: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2024

The fifth of eight siblings—likely named “Frantz” after his mother’s Alsatian roots—a now-28-year-old Fanon had been appointed director of Algeria’s Blida-JoinvilleThe country would soon be embroiled in violent conflict, and his staff and patients would be forced to live in “an atmosphere of permanent insecurity.”The Rebel’s Clinic: The Revolutionary Lives of Frantz Fanon

drove the man home; on the sofa, the man explained that he had stumbled upon an Algerian who had been tortured at police headquarters. Fanon learned afterward that the officer had himself tortured the patient in question and that, after the encounter, the patient had gone missing. “We eventually discovered him hiding in a bathroom where he was trying to commit,” Fanon wrote in his case notes. “The Algerian victim was convinced that his torturer had come to the hospital to arrest him.

The clinic at Blida-Joinville gave Fanon a chance to apply some of his most progressive policies, to help restore soldiers to health while serving the independence struggle. It built on close precedents such as the Lafargue Clinic—founded in Harlem, New York, in 1946—which for 12 years served residents and sought “not only to heal the wounds of racism but also to challenge the racist biases of American psychiatry.

There were practical considerations, too, tied to language and translation. Since, at the time, Fanon spoke neither Arabic nor Berber , “he often depended on interpreters—Algerian nurses, for the most part—to communicate with his patients.” His work with Algerians was thus “a work of constant translation” risking its own, milder forms of misrecognition and misunderstanding.

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