Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can be trained to detect lung disease in premature babies by analyzing their breathing patterns while they sleep, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Congress in Vienna, Austria.
European Respiratory SocietySep 9 2024 Artificial Neural Networks can be trained to detect lung disease in premature babies by analyzing their breathing patterns while they sleep, according to research presented at the European Respiratory Society Congress in Vienna, Austria.
But identifying BPD is difficult. Lung function tests usually require an adult to blow out on request - something babies cannot do - so current techniques require sophisticated equipment to measure an infant's lung ventilation characteristics. As a result, BPD is one of only a few diseases that is typically diagnosed by the presence of one of its main causes, prematurity and respiratory support.
But there is an alternative. We can measure a baby's breathing while they sleep. All this needs is a soft face mask, with a sensor that can measure the air flow and volume entering and leaving the infant's nose. This equipment is cheap and available at any clinical facility. Professor Delgado-Eckert's team studied a group of 139 full term and 190 premature infants who had been assessed for BPD, recording their breathing for ten minutes while they slept. For each baby, 100 consecutive regular breaths, carefully inspected to exclude sighs or other artifacts, were used to train, validate, and test a type of ANN called a Long Short-Term Memory model , which is particularly effective at classifying sequential data such as tidal breathing.
Professor Delgado-Eckert added: "Our research delivers, for the first time, a comprehensive way of analyzing the breathing of infants, and allows us to detect which babies have BPD as early as one month of corrected age – the age they would be if they had been born on their due date – by using the ANN to identify abnormalities in their breathing patterns.
Asthma Baby Breathing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Children Dysplasia Hospital Lungs Newborn Oxygen Oxygen Therapy Research Respiratory Sleep Ventilator
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