Association between menstrual cycle length and covid-19 vaccination: global, retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data

Research reveals COVID vaccination can affect menstrual cycle, but changes are typically small and temporary

We report more than a quarter of a million menstrual cycles, prospectively recorded, by almost 20 000 individuals. Compared with the unvaccinated group, vaccinated individuals had an adjusted increase in menstrual cycle length of less than one day with both first and second vaccine doses. Individuals who received two doses of a covid-19 vaccine in a single cycle had an adjusted increase in cycle length of 3.70 days compared with the unvaccinated.

Of note, we did observe some cycle changes between the notional prevaccine and postvaccine cycles in the unvaccinated cohort. These findings reflect the fact that menstrual cycles vary, even in the absence of vaccination, and underline the need for the inclusion of an unvaccinated comparison group and baseline measures of menstrual outcomes to determine the extent to which any change observed can be attributed to vaccination.

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