The potential of quantum computers is currently thwarted by a trade-off problem. Quantum systems that can carry out complex operations are less tolerant to errors and noise, while systems that are more protected against noise are harder and slower to compute with.
Now a research team has created a unique system that combats the dilemma, thus paving the way for longer computation time and more robust quantum computers .
For the impact of quantum computers to be realised in society, quantum researchers first need to deal with some major obstacles. So far, errors and noise stemming from, for example, electromagnetic interference or magnetic fluctuations, cause the sensitive qubits to lose their quantum states -- and subsequently their ability to continue the calculation. The amount of time that a quantum computer can work on a problem is thus so far limited.
"We have created a system that enables extremely complex operations on a multi-state quantum system, at an unprecedented speed." says Simone Gasparinetti, leader of the 202Q-lab at Chalmers University of Technology and senior author of the study.While the building blocks of a classical computer, bits, have either the value 1 or 0, the most common building blocks of quantum computers, qubits, can have the value 1 and 0 at the same time -- in any combination.
By putting a control system device inside the oscillator, the Chalmers researchers were able to circumvent the Kerr-effect and combat the trade-off problem. The system presents a solution that preserves the advantages of the harmonic oscillators, such as a resource-efficient path towards fault tolerance, while enabling accurate control of quantum states at high speed.
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