Calorie labels on food may lower calorie intake, but findings on alcohol are inconclusive, indicating a gap in research for effective public health strategies.
By Priyanjana Pramanik, MSc.Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLMJan 21 2025 A comprehensive review highlights small but meaningful reductions in calorie selection and consumption from food labeling, while evidence for alcohol remains inconclusive.
Background Poor diets, including high consumption of unhealthy fats, sugars, salt, and alcohol, contribute significantly to global obesity and non-communicable diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. About the study As part of the search criteria, researchers included both randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies to assess the impact of calorie labeling on food and drink choices. The review included studies on children and adults.
After identifying eligible studies from scientific literature databases and other resources, the research team constructed a dataset that included information about the study, setting , characteristics of the participants studied , the type of product, description of the label, duration of exposure to the intervention, and outcomes, including selection or consumption.
This analysis included 16 studies with 9850 participants, mostly comparing simple calorie labels to no labels. Most research took place in real-world settings like restaurants. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results, indicating the reduction is consistent across different settings and types of labels.
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