Science, Space and Technology News 2024
Osborne Reynolds’ 1883 experiments demonstrated the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in water, which raised fundamental questions in fluid mechanics. Decades later, researchers led by Nigel Goldenfeld and Björn Hof applied statistical mechanics to solve these mysteries, showing that the laminar-turbulent transition in fluids behaves like directed percolation—a concept where flow rates determine the optimal extraction, similar to brewing coffee.
“This problem has been around for nearly 150 years and required a bit of unconventional thinking to solve,” said Goldenfeld, who also holds appointments in the Jacobs School of Engineering and the Halicioğlu Data Science Institute. “And time. Some of the team members have been working on this aspect of the problem for well over a decade.”
Although the Hof group had demonstrated directed percolation in a circular geometry, what happens in an open geometry like a pipe remained unclear. Moreover, the experiments are impractical to do in a pipe geometry. While a circle is never-ending, the researchers estimated that to perform the same experiment in a pipe would require a length of 2.5 miles, and it would take centuries to collect the necessary data points.
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