Cancers, degenerative diseases: deregulation of our cells' internal communication pathways is at the root of many conditions. Microtubules—microscopic protein filaments—play a crucial role in controlling these exchanges. However, their mechanisms remain poorly understood.
at the tip of the microtubule during its growth. In other words, these two proteins separate from the cellular liquid medium to form a second liquid phase at the tip of the microtubule, like a drop of oil in water.
Microtubules are dynamic structures that continually build and deconstruct themselves."This phenomenon of phase separation, at the level of the microtubule, increases the concentration of proteins, including tubulin, and significantly stimulates the growth rate of microtubules while reducing depolymerisation events, i.e., microtubule decay events," explains Charlotte Aumeier, the last author of the study.
The role of these two proteins was observed by in vitro and then in cellulo measurements using a combination of two methods, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and high-throughput confocal microscopy, available at the UNIGE within the ACCESS GENEVA platform. These results highlight a new level of regulation in the control of microtubule dynamics. This opens up the possibility of new targets in the development of new anti-cancer therapies. This breakthrough promises to further broaden our understanding and our ability to act at the very heart of cellular processes.Julie Miesch et al, Phase separation of +TIP networks regulates microtubule dynamics,
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