DNA levels of monkeypox correlate with virus infectivity DNA Monkeypox Virology Virus Eurosurveillanc
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Sep 6 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. The first monkeypox virus human infection from the current outbreak was reported in the United Kingdom in May 2022. Since then, there has been a continual rise in the number of MPXV infection cases worldwide.
Background MPXV is a double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid zoonotic virus that belongs to the family Poxviridae of the genus Orthopoxvirus. MPXV human infection was reported in central Africa for the first time in 1970. Since the presence of viral DNA in a clinical specimen does not imply infectivity, scientists have tested the clinical samples of MPXV patients to determine the relationship between the MPXV DNA copies and infectious status in a recent Euro Surveillance study. The number of MPXV DNA copies was measured through PCR value), whereas infectious status was measured in plaque formation unit /mL using a plaque assay. The threshold PCR value that indicated MPXV infection was determined in this study.
Study findings A strong and negative correlation between PCR results related to MPXV oropharyngeal, rectal swabs, dermal lesions, and virus infectivity on cultured cells indicated higher infectivity in specimens with low Cq values. Although the present study estimated a ratio of 172 DNA copies/pfu, a previous study contradicted this finding and reported a ratio of 10-100 DNA copies/pfu. This contradictory finding was attributed to the fact that the current study estimated the presence of viral DNA rather than infectious particles. Additionally, as compared to viruses originating from culture, the viruses isolated from clinical samples had decreased infectivity towards cell lines.
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