Endometriosis linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease in women Cardiovascular Disease Endometriosis Stroke Myocardialinfarction Systematicreview Metaanalysis maturitas_j ULisboa_
Study: Endometriosis and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Image Credit: Bangkok Click Studio / Shutterstock
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, benign, chronic inflammatory disease in women of reproductive age where the endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus and causes chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, and often infertility. Epithelial ovarian cancer and ectopic pregnancy are other potential complications. While the inflammatory nature of endometriosis makes it a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the association between the two remains largely unexplored.
Results The results indicated that endometriosis significantly increased the risk of cerebrovascular disease and ischemic heart disease. A total of six studies were included in the meta-analysis comprising 254,929 participants. Three of these studies reported an increased risk of ischemic heart disease in women with endometriosis compared to women who did not have endometriosis.
The duration of administration of oral contraceptives in women with endometriosis was also positively associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease, as was early menopause. The surgical treatment options for endometriosis are oophorectomy and hysterectomy, which were also found to increase the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease in women. Hysterectomy is believed to increase the risk of cardiovascular events because of the abrupt lowering of estrogen levels after surgery.
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