Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T–cell immunotherapy re-engineers a patient's immune cells to target cancer cells.
St. Jude Children 's Research Hospital Aug 5 2024 Chimeric antigen receptor T–cell immunotherapy re-engineers a patient's immune cells to target cancer cells. While successful in some types of leukemia, the approach has yet to realize its potential against pediatric solid tumors. Scientists at St. Jude Children 's Research Hospital have identified a way to improve CAR T–cell homing – a T cell's ability to navigate effectively to a tumor – for osteosarcoma.
Solid tumors are just that, solid – these are hard, dense masses which are difficult for immune cells to penetrate. For immunotherapy to work for solid tumors we need to attract T cells to the tumor, help them penetrate it and keep them there to generate a prolonged response." Talbot and her colleagues focused on the first step: homing.
"We used patient specimens gathered after surgery to guide us to which chemokines to target in osteosarcoma, agnostically screening for the ones produced by the tumor-;that's as close to what occurs inside a patient as we can get," explained Talbot, an active surgeon at St. Jude. "When you combine that with gene expression data, you get very robust results about which chemokines are important for a specific type of cancer.
"We haven't changed anything about how the T cells kill the tumor cells; what we've changed is how well they get to the tumor, and that has implications for specificity and toxicity," said Talbot. "But the work isn't over, and I'm very excited about the opportunity to continue making strides toward solid tumor immunotherapy with this platform."
Chemokine Osteosarcoma Antigen Bone Bone Cancer Bone Marrow Cancer CAR T-Cell Chemokines Chemotherapy Children Chimeric Antigen Receptor Hospital Immunotherapy Leukemia Preclinical Receptor Research Surgery T-Cell Tumor
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