A new study has generated the first complete chromosome sequences from non-human primates, highlighting variations between different Y chromosomes.
The focus of the study was on the X and Y chromosomes, which play crucial roles in sexual development, fertility, and numerous other biological functions.
The researchers found an alignment of over 90% when comparing ape X chromosome sequences to human X chromosomes. This indicates stability over millions of years of evolution. In contrast, only 14% to 27% of ape Y chromosome sequences aligned with the human Y chromosome. Within these palindromes, the team examined several gene groups vital for sperm production and, consequently, fertility. While palindromes were found across all studied primate Y chromosomes, the specific sequences and genes they contained varied significantly between species.
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