Mendelian randomization suggests gallstone disease may lower heart attack risk; genetics play a key role in this protective effect.
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaNov 5 2023Reviewed by Sophia Coveney In a recent study published in the journal Scientific Reports, researchers performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to evaluate the causal association between gallstone disease and coronary heart disease or acute myocardial infarction risk.
About the study In the present study, researchers investigated whether gallstone disease is causally linked to CHD or AMI and searched for genetic loci driving causality. AMI diagnosis was based on the presence of persistent chest discomfort, the evolution of ischemia signals on the electrocardiogram , and elevated expression of infarct-associated biomarkers. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , hypertension, and smoking status were the established AMI risk variables for investigation.
Results After eliminating confounders and outliers, the analysis included 64 SNPs to explore the causal influence of gallstone disease on acute myocardial infarction risk. All four Mendelian randomization techniques revealed significantly negative causality, as did the MR-PRESSO analyses. However, neither CHD nor AMI was found to be a major cause of GSD, and each MR approach produced similar results.
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