In the last decade, an estimated 15,000 women across the globe have been accused of abducting their own children. They are all foreigners who tried to relocate with their children — oftentimes back to their home countries — but the other parent disagreed.
When Carolina Gouveia brought her newborn, Chris, from Canada to her native Brazil, she had no idea that she was violating an international treaty.
Gouveia said that her ex-husband had agreed to the relocation, but a year later, she got “hagued” in Brazil. In lack of agreement with the father, these foreign mothers are then confronted with only three choices over their children: abide, abduct, or abandon. “Sending the child of the domestic violence victim back to the location where the taking partner, usually the mother, is unsafe, puts the taking parent in front of the impossible choice of choosing between their own safety or that of their children,”three Special Rapporteurs from the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights last September, pointing to the Convention’s gendered application.
“That’s the pattern in Hague cases,” said Furquim. “Upon the child’s return to the country of habitual residence, no family court will keep the custody of an expat mother accused of international abduction, no matter the context.”Last September, Gouveia’s ex-husband took Chris to Lebanon without Gouveia’s knowledge or her consent. And because Lebanon hasn’t signed the Hague Convention, his international child abduction is not bound by the same return protocol once imposed on Gouveia in Brazil.
What hasn’t changed, however, is the prevalence of domestic violence. “In the past, fathers would abduct their children as revenge on their exes,” said Spanish attorney Marín-Pedreño. “Now, I see men requesting their children’s return as a weapon against the mother, to control them after separation.
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