Research highlights how GLP-1 receptor agonists may improve brain health by targeting the neurovascular unit, linking metabolic health to cognitive function. It suggests potential therapies for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
By Vijay Kumar MalesuReviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Oct 7 2024 New research reveals how GLP-1 receptor drugs, known for treating diabetes and obesity, also protect the brain’s vital neurovascular system, offering hope for tackling cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
The role of GLP-1 in metabolic regulation GLP-1 is a hormone produced both in the gut and the brain. It plays a key role in maintaining glucose homeostasis by increasing insulin secretion and reducing glucagon levels post-meal. This incretin hormone also delays gastric emptying, thereby slowing glucose absorption and preventing sharp rises in insulin levels.
Chronic inflammation, obesity, and brain health Chronic inflammation, a hallmark of obesity, is associated with an increased risk of developing neurological conditions, including cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. The inflammatory state extends to the brain, contributing to conditions such as Alzheimer's disease . This inflammatory process involves activation of microglia and astrocytes—glial cells critical for immune responses in the brain.
Recent studies suggest that GLP-1R agonists may influence the neurovascular unit , the critical interface where neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels interact to maintain brain function. The NVU plays a pivotal role in ensuring proper blood flow to the brain, regulating nutrient supply, and removing waste products. Dysfunction in the NVU is linked to both metabolic disorders and cognitive decline.
Drugs GLP-1 Inflammation Alzheimer's Disease Anti-Inflammatory Blood Cell Cell Metabolism Chronic Cognitive Function Diabetes Glucagon Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Glucose Hormone Insulin Metabolic Disorders Metabolic Syndrome Metabolism Microglia Neurodegeneration Neurodegenerative Diseases Neurons Obesity Receptor Research Syndrome Vascular
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