Study reveals that human gut bacteria, particularly Mitsuokella jalaludinii, efficiently degrade dietary phytate into short-chain fatty acids, enhancing health benefits through microbial synergy.
By Tarun Sai LomteJun 12 2024Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent study published in the journal Nature Microbiology , researchers investigated how the human gut bacteria metabolize dietary phytate.
Dietary phytate supplementation has been shown to promote epithelial repair, improve glucose metabolism, and reduce inflammation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are elusive. Phytate is involved in insulin signaling, glucose metabolism, cancer metastasis, and cell migration. It is synthesized during intracellular myoinositol metabolism and is among the most abundant inositol phosphates in mammals.
The fecal microbiome of donor A metabolized 13C6 InsP6 to 13C2 acetate and 13C3 3-hydroxypropionate within a few hours to 13C3 propionate after 24 hours. On the other hand, the fecal microbiome of donor B slowly metabolized 13C6 InsP6 to 13C2 acetate and 13C4 butyrate. Next, the genomic DNA from the third non-labeled phytate enrichment was isolated for sequencing.
Related StoriesIts genome was similar to a type-strain DSM13811T and had highly similar phytate degradation pathway genes. Next, M. jalaludinii DSM13811T was cultured in a medium with myoinositol or phytate. It grew rapidly in the phytate medium, doubling in 3.4 hours, compared to 7 hours in the myoinositol medium. However, metabolite production remained similar between conditions.
Next, the team examined the synergy between Anaerostipes rhamnosivorans and M. jalaludinii in phytate degradation, given that the supplementation of A. rhamnosivorans in fecal phytate enrichments has been shown to elevate propionate formation. Acetate and propionate were detected in co-cultures, but lactate and 3-hydroxypropionate accumulated only in the M. jalaludinii monoculture. The synergy was due to an interspecies transfer of 3-hydroxypropionate.
Fatty Acids Cancer Cell Cell Migration Genes Glucose Glucose Metabolism Inflammation Inositol Insulin Intracellular Metabolism Metabolites Metastasis Microbiology Microbiome Wheat
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