Persons with initial moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 have impaired health-related quality of life twelve months after illness onset, according to a study published in BMCMedicine.
shows the impact on HRQL of initial COVID-19 severity, time since illness onset and sociodemographic- and clinical characteristics according to the final multivariate mixed linear models adjusted for confounders. All final models included clinical severity and time since illness onset, as predetermined, and migration background. The model for physical functioning and general health additionally included the number of comorbidities .
Table 2 Impact on HRQL of initial COVID-19 severity, time since enrolment and sociodemographic- and baseline clinical characteristicsDutch-origin participants had significantly better HRQL than participants with a migration background from either HIC or LMIC countries on the dimensions physical, social and role physical functioning, bodily pain and vitality.
Participants with three or more COVID-19 high-risk comorbidities had significantly worse HRQL on the dimensions physical functioning and general health than participants with less than three COVID-19 high-risk comorbidities. We subsequently looked at the impact of specific comorbidities. Immunosuppression explained the largest percentage of variance in physical functioning, i.e. 4.6% followed by previous psychiatric illness, i.e. 1.9%.
To the best of our knowledge, only four previous studies investigating HRQL about 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 infection included non-hospitalized participants. Steinbeis et al. found that HRQL improved over time among patients with higher disease severity, whereas it remained constant among patients in the lower severity categories [
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