Review explores how different types of dietary fibers interact with the gut microbiome, influencing chronic disease risks like obesity, cancer, and cardiometabolic conditions, while emphasizing the need for personalized dietary interventions.
By Hugo Francisco de SouzaReviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Oct 13 2024 Review highlights the powerful impact of dietary fibers on the gut microbiome, showing how specific fibers may reduce risks of obesity, cancers, and heart diseases while paving the way for tailored dietary solutions.
This review contributes to an ongoing debate about the effect of dietary fiber's chemical structure and fermentability on gut microbial diversity and function by providing evidence for the relationship between varied dietary fiber types and gut microbiome composition and epidemiologically linking the increased incidence of common chronic diseases with insufficient dietary fiber intake.
These benefits have led to the inclusion of various types of dietary fibers across several national and international dietary recommendations. They include improved transit time, nutrient trapping, and water availability in stools, directly affecting digestion and producing short-chain fatty acids , such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which modulate gut and systemic health.
Since epidemiological investigations routinely establish inverse associations between gut microbial α-diversity and the risk of chronic diseases, several studies have attempted to use dietary fibers as dietary supplements. Thankfully, obesity and several cancer types are known to be attributable to preventable factors, including diet, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption. Healthy dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean Diet , have been proven to significantly reduce the disease risk across epidemiological and nutritional/gut microbial studies.
Chronic Disease Microbiome Bacteria Cancer Cardiometabolic Diet Digestion Fatty Acids Fermentation Fungi Heart Metabolism Microbiology Obesity Short-Chain Fatty Acids
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