Although certain induced seismicity may be inevitable, understanding the mechanisms behind these could help us mitigate their impact.
causes earthquakes. These are solid rock slabs present underneath the Earth’s surface that move due to heat-driven convective currents in the Earth’s mantle.When these tectonic plates interact, they can move past one another, collide, or drift apart. This interaction creates stress, the force acting on a given area. Here, the stress is working along cracks or fractures, which are present in the Earth’s crust, where the rocks on either side have shifted.
On the other hand, disposing of wastewater produced during fracking into deep underground injection wells can also induce earthquakes. Introducing substantial volumes of wastewater can elevate pore pressure in the subsurface, prompting fault reactivation and subsequent seismic events.of fracking-induced seismic activity was in 2015, when Oklahoma experienced five earthquakes, each with a magnitude greater than 2.0 on the Richter scale.
The depth of the reservoir and the volume of water are factors in triggering earthquakes, which can manifest immediately during reservoir filling periods or after a certain time lag.
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