When a woman becomes pregnant, her iron requirements increase almost tenfold to support fetal development as well as her own increased iron needs.
American Society for Nutrition Sep 26 2024 Her ability to meet these increased iron needs depends on her iron stores at the beginning of the pregnancy as well as the physiological adaptations that enhance iron absorption as pregnancy progresses. These physiological adaptations, however, are not always enough to support a pregnant woman's iron needs, especially among the estimated 50% of women who begin pregnancy with depleted iron stores.
Even when screening is conducted, it may be insufficient to detect iron deficiency. In clinical practice, for example, hemoglobin is frequently the only benchmark used to evaluate iron status among pregnant women. Hemoglobin, however only provides an indication of anemia. As a result, poor maternal and infant health outcomes that may develop before iron deficiency advances to anemia may arise undetected.
"In this high-resource setting," the authors found that "iron deficiency defined by a variety of biomarkers and thresholds, was very common during pregnancy, despite the cohort profile as generally healthy." Interestingly, none of the study participants were anemic in the first trimester, yet more than 80% of the women were iron deficient by the third trimester.
Birth Weight Blood Depression Diagnostic Hemoglobin Iron Deficiency Nutrition Postpartum Depression Pregnancy Red Blood Cells Research
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