No previous study has been conducted in Nigeria on the role of neutrophil elastase in predicting preterm birth.
Xia & He Publishing Inc.Jan 17 2025 Background and objectives The present study aimed to determine the role of the neutrophil elastase test in predicting birth in women with preterm labor.
Methods The present prospective cohort study recruited 83 pregnant women with preterm labor between 28 and 36+6 weeks of gestation, and followed up these subjects for 14 days. The controls comprised 85 pregnant women without preterm labor. The cervicovaginal fluid was collected and tested using the neutrophil elastase test. Then, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive parameters were determined. Afterward, the data were scrutinized using the SPSS arithmetic software .
Results Among the 168 pregnant women analyzed in the present study, 83 pregnant women were assigned to the preterm labor group, and 85 pregnant women were assigned to the control group. Furthermore, among the 83 pregnant women in the preterm labor group, 11 women had spontaneous preterm delivery, leading to a spontaneous preterm birth proportion of 13.3%.
Conclusion Compared to the controls, the neutrophil elastase test had strong predictive accuracy, in terms of sensitivity and NPV. Therefore, although the positive predictive accuracy was low for preterm delivery, the neutrophil elastase test appears to be a useful bedside tool, which can be employed as a screening test for predicting preterm births in women with premature labor.
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