New study reveals alarming impact of ultra-processed foods on cardiometabolic health UltraProcessedFood Cardiometabolic MetabolicSyndrome Diet Health UPFConsumption HealthImpact FoodChoices HealthyLiving Nutrition ATHjournal
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Jun 11 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In the last three decades, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, which remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Simultaneously, an increase in the number of people with cardiometabolic risk factors, such as high fasting plasma glucose, hypertension, obesity, and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, has been recorded.
Background Diet plays an important role in preventing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Typically, foods with high-density energy but low nutritional content increase CMR factors. Based on the NOVA classification, food, and beverages that are categorized as ultra-processed food undergo a high level of industrial processing to make them more palatable, ready-to-eat, and accessible.
About the study The prospective study analyzed how modifications in UPF consumption influence CMR factors, such as body mass index , weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, glycated hemoglobin , triglycerides, blood glucose, cholesterol , and triglycerides and glucose index . All participants had three of the five risk factors of metabolic syndrome, including hypertension, plasma HDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, plasma triglycerides, and obesity. Data on participants' dietary intake was obtained through interviews, and answers were validated through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline, six, and 12 months follow-up.
UPF consumption rate was reduced during the 12 months of follow-up, which could be because participants were instructed on how to adhere to the Mediterranean diet. In this study, UPF presented 7.7% of the total amount of food consumed by weight. Higher UPF consumption has been strongly linked with an increase in diastolic blood pressure. However, when this effect was studied, no statistically significant association with systolic blood pressure was found when UPF consumption increased by 100 gm/day.
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