Study demonstrates that a novel prime/boost vaccination protocol using live-attenuated influenza vaccines effectively induces strong immune responses in pigs, offering a promising approach for future influenza vaccination strategies.
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc.Aug 13 2024 A recent PLoS Pathogens study evaluates the efficacy of a newly developed live-attenuated influenza vaccine protocol in eliciting immune responses in a porcine animal model .
However, a key challenge regarding LAIV development is adequate replicative capacity, which could lead to over-attenuation of the virus, which subsequently prevents the ability to generate a sustained immune response. Comparatively, an insufficiently attenuated vaccine could lead to viral shedding from the upper respiratory tract, thereby increasing the risk of the emergence of more virulent viruses.
Recombinant viruses are associated with reduced apoptotic cell death, attenuated viral replication, and improved innate immune response induction in a porcine bronchiolar epithelial cell line. The present study aims to assess the efficacy of these LAIV candidates using an in vivo pig model. Study findings NS1 infection led to viral excretion at significantly lower levels and reduced pH1N1/09-specific antibody levels as compared to wild-type infection. However, virus-specific IgG levels remained similarly high in bronchioalveolar lavage samples in both NS1 and wild-type infected pigs.
Primary vaccination with VSV-H1 did not produce a high level of virus-neutralizing antibodies. However, boosting with NS1-ΔPAX or NS1 LAIV led to a significant increase in virus-neutralizing antibodies and CD4+ T-cells.
Vaccine Animal Model Antibodies Antibody CD4 Cell Efficacy Gene Immune Response Immunization Immunoglobulin Influenza Protein Respiratory RNA Virus
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