Stephanie Pappas is a contributing writer for Live Science, covering topics ranging from geoscience to archaeology to the human brain and behavior.
A section of the San Andreas fault where earthquakes occur regularly may give off a distinct signal before it trembles to life, new research finds. The signal hints at the opening and closing of cracks beneath the subsurface.
The San Andreas fault marks the boundary between the Pacific and North American tectonic plates. South of Parkfield, the fault is locked, meaning the two plates do not move against one another. North of Parkfield, the San Andreas fault moves freely, with the plates creeping against one another at a constant rate of 1.4 inches a year. Parkfield is a transitional zone between these two regimes. When this region of the fault rumbles to life, it gives off a quake of around magnitude 6.
By submitting your information you agree to the Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy and are aged 16 or over.In the new research, Malagnini and his colleagues measured seismic wave attenuation, or how sound waves lose energy as they move through Earth's crust. Attenuation is related to the permeability of rock, Malagnini said. In the period of stress before an earthquake, cracks open and close in the strained rock around the fault.
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