According to researchers, we all experience the Dunning-Kruger Effect.
Author Tom Vanderbilt politely congratulated his opponent after losing to him during a chess tournament. The victor was an eight-year-old boy who sipped chocolate milk from a little box with a straw during the round. Vanderbilt, then approaching age 50, humbly updated the tournament director with the results.Beginners: The Joy and Transformative Power of Lifelong Learning
“I thought people must have some insight that they were doing badly,” says Dunning, now a professor at the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. The psychology students who bombed their tests, for example, felt more confident going into the exam and didn’t realize the material they failed to master. Or, they felt confident they knew everything that would be covered on the test, so they skimped on studying. Not knowing what they didn’t know meant they went into the test feeling overly confident.
Across the four experiments, Dunning and Kruger found that people who performed in the bottom quartile tended to overestimate both their abilities and their performance. They thought they answered more questions correctly than they actually did, and they thought they performed better in comparison to their peers than they actually did.
It’s easy to look at the 1999 study and assume the poorly performing students were somehow inept. However, Dunning says that ignorance is a part of life and something that everyone experiences at some point.
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