Optical neural networks may provide the high-speed and large-capacity solution necessary to tackle challenging computing tasks. However, tapping their full potential will require further advances. One challenge is the reconfigurability of optical neural networks.
A research team has now succeeded in laying the foundation for new reconfigurable neuromorphic building blocks by adding a new dimension to photonic machine learning: sound waves. The researchers use light to create temporary acoustic waves in an optical fiber. The sound waves generated in this way can for instance enable a recurrent functionality in a telecom optical fiber, which is essential to interpreting contextual information such as language.
Neural networks have the potential to form the backbone of artificial intelligence. Building them as optical neural networks -- based on light instead of electric signals -- promises the handling of large volumes of data at high speeds and with great energy efficiency. To date, however, many of the experimental approaches to implementing optical neural networks have relied on fixed components and steady devices.
The first building block experimentally demonstrated by the team is a recurrent operator, a technology widely used in the field of recurrent neural networks. It allows the linking of a series of computational steps and therefore provides a context for each single calculation step performed. The researchers have now used sound waves to implement a recurrent operator. As a result, the Optoacoustic REcurrent Operator harnesses the intrinsic properties of an optical waveguide without the need for an artificial reservoir or newly fabricated structures. OREO offers the advantage of being entirely optically controlled, making the optoacoustic computer programmable on a pulse-by-pulse basis.
"Photonic machine learning might hold huge potential for parallel processing of information and energy-efficient operations. Adding acoustic waves can contribute to this endeavor with an all-optically-controlled and easy-to-operate tool-kit." says Dr. Birgit Stiller.Negative pressure is a rare and challenging-to-detect phenomenon in physics. Using liquid-filled optical fibers and sound waves, researchers have now discovered a new method to measure it. In ...
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