Pregnancy has no effect on long-term immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination Coronavirus Disease COVID Pregnancy mRNA Vaccine AJOG_thegray WeillCornell
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Jan 29 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. The emergence and rapid outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 resulted in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists have worked rapidly to develop numerous vaccines, several of which received emergency use authorization from global regulatory bodies, such as the United States Food and Drug Administration .
Although COVID-19 vaccination has been recommended for pregnant women, there remains a lack of data available regarding its efficacy in this group. This is primarily due to the exclusion of pregnant women from initial COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccine trials. About the study A recent American Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology MFM study evaluated the longitudinal antibody response kinetics associated with two doses of mRNA-LNP-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna in pregnant women across different gestational ages. All participants received vaccines between December 18, 2020, and June 26, 2021.
Study findings A total of 53 pregnant women were included in the study. The nonpregnant cohort included data from 21 participants, whose median age was 36 years. None of the participants from this group reported immunosuppressed conditions nor were they taking immunosuppressing medication. The anti-S IgA, IgG, and IgM responses at t1 and t2 were not significantly associated with the gestational age at immunization. Thus, the anti-S responses in pregnant participants were independent of gestational age.
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Maternal plasma vitamin D levels across pregnancy are not associated with neonatal birthweight: findings from an Australian cohort study of low-risk pregnant women - BMC Pregnancy and ChildbirthBackground In utero environments can be highly influential in contributing to the development of offspring obesity. Specifically, vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and child health outcomes, however its relationship with offspring obesity remains unclear. We assessed maternal vitamin D status across pregnancy, change in plasma vitamin D concentrations and associations with neonatal birthweight, macrosomia and large for gestational age. Methods Women (n = 221) aged 18–40 years with singleton (low-risk) pregnancies, attending antenatal clinics at a tertiary-level maternity hospital were recruited at 10–20 weeks gestation. Medical history, maternal weight and blood samples at three antenatal clinic visits were assessed; early (15 ± 3 weeks), mid (27 ± 2 weeks) and late (36 ± 1 weeks) gestation. Maternal 25(OH)D was analysed from stored plasma samples via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Neonatal growth parameters were collected at birth. Unadjusted and adjusted linear and logistic regression assessed associations of maternal vitamin D with birthweight, macrosomia and large for gestational age. Results Mean plasma 25(OH)D increased from early (83.8 ± 22.6 nmol/L) to mid (96.5 ± 28.9 nmol/L) and late (100.8 ± 30.8 nmol/L) gestation. Overall 98% of women were taking vitamin D-containing supplements throughout their pregnancy. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D | 50 nmol/L) was 6.5%, 6.3% and 6.8% at early, mid and late pregnancy respectively. No statistically significant association was found between 25(OH)D or vitamin D deficiency at any timepoint with neonatal birthweight, macrosomia or large for gestational age. Conclusions Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was low in this cohort of pregnant women and likely related to the high proportion of women taking vitamin D supplements during pregnancy. Maternal 25(OH)D did not impact offspring birth weight or birth size. Future studies in high-risk preg
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