'Quantum tornado' allows scientists to mimic a black hole on Earth

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'Quantum tornado' allows scientists to mimic a black hole on Earth
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Robert Lea is a science journalist in the U.K. whose articles have been published in Physics World, New Scientist, Astronomy Magazine, All About Space, Newsweek and ZME Science. He also writes about science communication for Elsevier and the European Journal of Physics. Rob holds a bachelor of science degree in physics and astronomy from the U.K.

Thanks to immense gravitational forces, the regions around black holes are violent and turbulent environments driven by physics that cannot be found anywhere else in the universe. In fact, black holes are so influential that, when they rotate, they drag the very fabric of space along with them. In other words, near a black hole, nothing stands still. Nothing at all.

the experimental set up used by the team the quantum tornado generated by the team in superfluid heliumTo understand how a superfluid vortex could resemble a black hole, it is vital to remember what Einstein's 1915 theory oftells us about black holes. General relativity suggests that space and time are a single entity called spacetime, and that gravity arises when objects of mass cause spacetime to curve.

Black holes only have three known characteristics: Electric charge, mass and angular momentum, or"spin.

"Superfluid helium contains tiny objects called quantum vortices, which tend to spread apart from each other," Svancara continued."In our set-up, we've managed to confine tens of thousands of these quanta in a compact object resembling a small tornado, achieving a vortex flow with record-breaking strength in the realm of quantum fluids."

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