Research highlights the importance of ventilation and air filtration to reduce pathogen transmission PublicHealth Respiratory Illness Pathogen Ventilation NatureComms KU_Leuven
By Suchandrima BhowmikMar 16 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A new study in the journal Nature Communications analyzes pathogen, host, environmental, and behavioral factors that were associated with a higher respiratory pathogen load in indoor ambient air.
Can ventilation reduce viral transmission indoors? Previous research indicates that ventilation can reduce the incidence of infectious diseases. One study reported that high carbon dioxide levels, which are indicative of poor ventilation, led to school absences due to illness with cold-like symptoms.
Few studies have reported the accelerated clearance of airborne particles by the use of portable filters. However, no study to date has determined the effect of potable filters or ventilation on a load of respiratory pathogen bioaerosols that were controlled for other important variables. Thereafter, processing and analysis of air samples involved nucleic acid extraction, detection of SARS-CoV-2 through the reverse transcription qualitative polymerase chain reaction assay, and detection of 29 respiratory pathogens by multiplex qPCR. Information on behavioral, host, and environmental-related factors were collected for all samples.
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Right ventricle-specific therapies in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a scoping review - Critical CareObjective To summarize knowledge and identify gaps in evidence regarding treatment of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Data sources We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Study selection Studies were included if they reported effects of treatments on right ventricular function, whether or not the intent was to modify right ventricular function. Data extraction Data extraction was performed independently and in duplicate by two authors. Data items included the study design, patient population, type of intervention, comparison group, and RV-specific outcomes. Data synthesis Of 1,430 studies screened, 51 studies reporting on 1,526 patients were included. By frequency, the included studies examined the following interventions: ventilator settings (29.4%), inhaled medications (33.3%), extracorporeal life support (13.7%), intravenous or oral medications (13.7%), and prone positioning (9.8%). The majority of the studies were non-randomized experimental studies (53%), with the next most common being case reports (16%). Only 5.9% of studies were RCTs. In total, 27% of studies were conducted with the goal of modifying RV function. Conclusions Given the prevalence of RVD in ARDS and its association with mortality, the dearth of research on this topic is concerning. This review highlights the need for prospective trials aimed at treating RV dysfunction in ARDS.
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