Rise and waning of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses induced by mRNA vaccine booster in a healthcare worker population researchsquare USC UCIrvine antibody SARSCoV2 healthcare mRNA vaccine vaccination COVID19 coronavirus covid
By Dr. Chinta SidharthanDec 19 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to the Research Square* preprint server, researchers reported the waning of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the six months following a booster dose of the messenger ribonucleic acid coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine. They noted a three-fold decrease in the reactivity of vaccine-elicited antibodies against the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants.
Therefore, an assessment of the durability of booster dose-induced neutralizing antibodies is essential for formulating public health policies on booster vaccinations. The antigen panel comprised 10 SARS-CoV-2 antigens, including different fragments of the spike protein and the nucleocapsid protein, as well as four severe acute respiratory syndrome , three Middle East respiratory syndrome , 12 common coronaviruses, and eight influenzas virus antigens.
Healthcare workers with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infections had higher antibody titers at four and six months after the booster dose than those who did not have previous SARS-CoV-2 infections. Additionally, participants with severe vaccination side effects also had significantly higher levels of antibodies at two- and four-months post-booster than those with no side effects.
Similar to the trend seen in antibody levels, the neutralization capacity also increased up to two months following the administration of the booster dose and then decreased till the sixth month. The pseudoneutralization assay reported a correlation between binding and neutralizing antibodies.
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