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A new study underscores the significant but overlooked role of malnutrition in the global tuberculosis epidemic, advocating for the inclusion of nutritional interventions in TB elimination efforts. By treating TB as both a medical and social disease, the research highlights the potential for significant reductions in TB incidence and mortality rates through comprehensive strategies that address malnutrition.
Tuberculosis stands as the leading cause of infectious mortality globally, accounting for 10.6 million new instances and 1.6 million fatalities in 2021. Notably, one out of every five new TB cases was linked to malnutrition, a figure more than twice as high as those attributed to HIV/AIDS. Similar to HIV/AIDS, malnutrition leads to a type of secondary immunodeficiency referred to as nutritionally acquired immunodeficiency syndrome .
“While there have been important technological advancements to detect and treat TB, our interpretation of the existing literature is that we won’t be able to make substantive changes in TB incidence and mortality rates without action on malnutrition,” explains corresponding author Pranay Sinha, MD, assistant professor of medicine at the school.After reading more than 75 papers on nutrition and TB, the researchers briefly recount the impact that actions on HIV had on the global TB pandemic.
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