Scientists have answered one of the most puzzling questions in plate tectonics: how and why 'stable' parts of continents gradually rise to form some of the planet's greatest topographic features.
Scientists have answered one of the most puzzling questions in plate tectonics: how and why 'stable' parts of continents gradually rise to form some of the planet's greatest topographic features.
The new research, led by the University of Southampton, examined the effects of global tectonic forces on landscape evolution over hundreds of millions of years.
They discovered that when continents split apart, the stretching of the continental crust causes stirring movements in Earth's mantle . Building on this, the team modelled how landscapes respond to this mantle-driven uplift. They found that migrating mantle instabilities give rise to a wave of surface erosion that lasts tens of millions of years and moves across the continent at a similar speed. This intense erosion removes a huge weight of rock that causes the land surface to rise further, forming elevated plateaus.
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