Semaglutide significantly reduces all-cause mortality in non-diabetic obese patients, particularly by lowering infection-related deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the study's findings should be interpreted with caution due to potential competing risks and unique pandemic circumstances.
By Tarun Sai LomteReviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Sep 5 2024 Study reveals how semaglutide not only aids in weight loss but also offers a surprising defense against severe infections, including COVID-19, in at-risk populations. Study: The Effect of Semaglutide on Mortality and COVID-19–Related Deaths: An Analysis From the SELECT Trial. Image Credit: MillaF / Shutterstock
While observational studies report associations between bariatric surgery or intentional weight loss and reduced mortality, no randomized clinical trials show that weight loss therapies augment CV outcomes. The Semaglutide Effects on CV Outcomes in Patients with Obesity or Overweight trial found a statistically significant reduction in the rate of all-cause mortality among patients receiving semaglutide compared to placebo recipients.
About the study In the present study, researchers evaluated the effects of semaglutide on CV, non-CV, and all-cause mortality. The SELECT trial investigated semaglutide in decreasing the risk of the primary composite endpoint in 17,604 patients with overweight/obesity and CV disease but without diabetes. Eligible participants were aged ≥ 45 and had a body mass index ≥ 27 kg/m2 and CV disease .
A clinical events committee independently reviewed deaths to determine the cause. The SELECT trial prospectively collected clinical information on COVID-19 treatment, outcomes, and death shortly after the pandemic began. Time-to-event outcomes were examined using hazard ratios estimated from a Cox proportional hazards model.
Notably, there was a trend toward a higher treatment effect with semaglutide in patients with glycated hemoglobin levels ≥ 6% for non-CV and all-cause death compared to placebo. The most common cause of CV death was sudden cardiac death. Infections and malignancy were the most common causes of non-CV death. Overall, 24.2% of patients reported COVID-19 diagnosis.
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