These artifact discoveries also imply that ancient people arrived in the Americas earlier than previously thought.
The bones were modified by ancient humans, as shown by a clean, polished surface and carefully drilled holes. Moreover, they were polished into triangle and teardrop shapes for personal ornamentation, such as a necklaceThe dating of the shelter sediment revealed that the artifacts were created somewhere between 25,000-27,000 years ago.In the archaeological record, these discovered items are the only ones known to have been carved from big sloth bones.
This ice-age beast would have weighed over 600 kilograms , making it much larger than most brown bears found today.North and South America were the last continents to be colonized by modern humans, although when that began has been a topic of ongoing debate. It has been largely speculated that prehistoric humans arrived in the Americas about 16,000 years ago.
Reportedly, the first occupants of the Americas were a group known as the "Clovis culture," who arrived from Eurasia approximately 15,000 years ago. Therefore, 25,000-year-old evidence of humans in the Americas is notably old. The site also has rock art of animal and humanlike figures; however, experts are unsure of the actual age of the artwork.Study abstract:
The peopling of the Americas and human interaction with the Pleistocene megafauna in South America remain hotly debated. The Santa Elina rock shelter in Central Brazil shows evidence of successive human settlements from around the last glacial maximum to the Early Holocene. Two Pleistocene archaeological layers include rich lithic industry associated with remains of the extinct giant ground sloth Glossotherium phoenesis.
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