SpyCatcher-SpyTag technology used to develop recombinant protein-based intranasal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 biorxivpreprint penn_state vaccine vaccination SARSCoV2 coronavirus covid COVID19
By Nidhi Saha, BDSOct 31 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. The findings of a new study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server showed that the intranasal SpyCage vaccine platform can be protective against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and may prove to be a versatile and adaptable modality for the formulation of intranasal vaccines that target respiratory pathogens.
Intranasal vaccination may provide a solution to this shortcoming of the current vaccination protocols. Recent studies have shown that intranasally delivered SARS-CoV-2 vaccines provide mucosal immunity along with the prevention of infection transmission. These vaccines have been shown to reduce viral shedding in mice, hamsters, and nonhuman primates.
Here, a virus particle that emulates an intranasal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 was used to conduct preclinical vaccination and challenge tests. Based on the SpyCatcher-SpyTag method, the vaccine candidate was self-assembled on a 60-subunit protein scaffold covalently coated with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain .
The titers of neutralizing antibodies were determined by microneutralization experiments, and the concentrations of RBD-binding immunoglobulin G and IgA antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay . The results depicted that SARS-CoV-2 was eliminated more effectively from the upper and lower respiratory tracts of animals vaccinated with RBD+SpyCage. Histological analysis revealed that RBD+SpyCage-vaccinated animals had less inflammation and lung damage.
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