Study detects ten avian influenza A viruses in poultry from four provinces in China EIDjournal influenza flu virus virology disease
By Neha MathurJul 14 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study published in Emerging Infectious Diseases, researchers identified 10 avian influenza A viruses in poultry from four Chinese provinces, with immune-evasion and complex genetic recombination potential. Due to this, H5N6 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses pose a significant threat of causing infections in humans.
There is the availability of highly effective H5N6 vaccines, which reduce the likelihood of severe clinical disease and shedding of virus in poultry; yet, sporadic H5N6 infections occur in waterfowl. These birds have become a weak link in preventing the influenza A virus. Also, they have led to the uncontrolled spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5Nx in poultry in China.
About the study In the present study, researchers identified a novel reassortant avian influenza A virus present across the poultry industry in China; that also caused a surge in human infections. They isolated an H5N6 virus from a sick duck on a poultry farm in Chengdu, Sichuan, China, in June 2021, and another from a dead chicken in the house of a human patient in Chongqing in July 2021.
The researchers used Chongqing avian strains as a representative virus with human-origin virus sequences. It shared multiple similarities between the PB2, polymerase acidic, and nonstructural genes of the influenza A virus. The authors observed that this novel virus was reassorted with the H3N2 virus, deriving the polymerase basic 1 gene from the influenza A virus. The HA and the matrix genes, with 99.2% and 99.9% similarity with the H5N8, pointed to origin from H5N8.
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