Study links fungal heteroresistance to fatal bloodstream infections in bone marrow transplant patients

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Study links fungal heteroresistance to fatal bloodstream infections in bone marrow transplant patients
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Emory researcher David Weiss has spent years studying a baffling phenomenon called heteroresistance, in which a tiny fraction of bacteria remain resistant to antibiotics, while the remainder succumb.

Emory Health SciencesAug 2 2024 Recently, he brought his scientific acumen to the equally deadly threat of fungal bloodstream infections in patients receiving bone marrow transplants. Bloodstream infections can be lethal in these patients, including infections from Candida parapsilosis, a species of fungi that can live in the digestive tract and occasionally make it into the bloodstream.

In a new paper in Nature Medicine, the team described how they worked with collaborators around the world to gather 219 strains of C. parapsilosis from patients at Sloan Kettering and locations in France, Germany and China. The study found that heteroresistance was the reason a small number of patients developed bloodstream infections, despite receiving prophylaxis with the antifungal drug micafungin.

David Weiss, professor at Emory University's School of Medicine and director of the Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center "There are thousands of mutations," says Liao. "I asked my algorithm to choose at most 10. One of the advantages of machine learning is that you don't need to sequence the whole genome, just find a few spots that are informative enough that they can predict."

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Bone Marrow Transplant Antibiotic Antibiotic Resistance Antifungal Bacteria Cancer Candida Fungi Machine Learning Medicine Penicillin Prophylaxis Research

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