Study reports two cases of ocular MPox in HIV-infected patients Rutgers_NJMS Mpox MpoxVirus OcularMpox
By Neha MathurFeb 7 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent article published in IDCases, researchers review the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of ocular Mpox syndrome in men living with human immunodeficiency syndrome infection. This crucial information can help clinicians identify such vision-threatening infections early and initiate prompt treatment.
The patient was sexually active with another man but denied having traveled recently, receiving a Mpox vaccine, or previous exposure to Mpox-infected individuals. One week of treatment with tecovirimat improved the patient’s keratitis and ulceration. However, his vision and photophobia did not improve, even after completing a 30-day course of these medications.
Medical examination and treatment The ophthalmic examination indicated mild right eyelid edema and conjunctivitis, as well as stromal keratitis and corneal ulcer. Despite topical moxifloxacin and oral valacyclovir treatment, the patient’s condition did not improve. Important considerations Ocular Mpox, which is a rare indicator of prior acute MPox infection, has been identified in 1% of cases. Unfortunately, the two patients described in this study suffered from devastating vision-threatening complications due to ocular MPox with keratitis.
Since untreated HIV infection severely suppresses the immune system, thereby contributing to worse outcomes, patient 2 suffered from persistent unresolved symptoms. This emphasizes the importance of quickly initiating antiretroviral therapy for such patients, in addition to assessing them for possible bacterial, viral, or fungal co-infections.
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