Taking Inspiration from Virus Hijacking to Improve Drug Nanocarriers AdvSciNews nanomedicine nanoparticles nanobiotechnology nanoscience nanomaterials drugdelivery
By Bhavna KavetiSep 13 2022Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. Nanomedicine involves nanoscale therapeutics and diagnostics, and imparting targeting capability to these novel systems increases its usefulness. However, the targeted transport of nanomedicines is often obstructed by various biological events in the body.
Followed by tumor vessel destruction therapy, the small molecule drug “bisphosphonate” hijacks the hemorrhagic product, iron ions, and ensembles into intercellular peroxidase-like nanoparticles within tumor-infiltrating macrophages. Bisphosphate is a drug clinically used to treat bone problems. Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine Nanoparticles of approximately 100 nanometers in size have been widely used to improve drug accumulation, internalization, and therapeutic efficacy. The physicochemical and biological properties of the nanoparticles can be finely adjusted by tailoring their chemical properties, size, shape, structure, morphology, and surface properties.
On the other hand, active targeting strategies involving surface-modified ligands also lacked efficiency in targeting the tumor site due to surface adsorption of endogenous proteins. Thus, to combat the limitations caused by massive biological events, researchers have been modifying nanoparticles for the past few years to realize the goal of drug target delivery, resulting in unanticipated biological interactions in a few cases.
Generally, the free Fe2+ ions get oxidized and encapsulated by ferritin, followed by their ejection out of the macrophages by ferroportin 1.
Conclusion Overall, the Fe2+-bisphosphonate nanoparticles that self-assembled in host cells exhibited peroxidase-like catalytic function and realized the specific stress on mitochondria, which was unachievable through free bisphosphonate.
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