Bariatricsurgery may reverse diabetes complications for people with obesity umich
]. The EuroQOL European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level Version questionnaire was used to determine participant’s current health state and health status related to mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test was used to assess unhealthy alcohol use [Ethics approval and participant consent
This study was approved by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board. All study participants provided written informed consent.All study analyses and outcomes were specified beforehand. Primary outcomes included IENFD of the distal leg and proximal thigh for PN, E/I ratio for CAN, and mean deviation by FDT testing for retinopathy. Primary analyses were performed to determine within-participant change in each primary outcome following bariatric surgery.
Descriptive statistics were used to summarise participant demographic information, metabolic phenotyping, and primary and secondary study outcomes at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up. For continuous metabolic risk factors and outcomes, the within-participant change was determined by subtracting baseline values from those collected at follow-up.
We compared the demographic information between participants who were lost to follow-up, those who completed their 2-year follow-up, and those who only completed virtual 2-year follow-up using one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and Pearson’s χtests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare within-participant differences at follow-up.
Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to determine the association between changes in primary diabetes complication outcomes and changes in metabolic risk factors. Specifically, we fitted the change in primary outcomes as a function of the change in each metabolic risk factor separately, after adjusting for participant age, sex, baseline BMI and baseline outcome measurements.values were calculated to determine statistical significance.
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