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, a domain of single-celled organisms lacking internal membrane-bound structures, produce hydrogen gas using enzymes thought to only exist in the other two forms of life.Small and mighty, these enzymes have seemingly allowed archaea to survive and thrive in some of Earth's most hostile environments where little to no oxygen is found.
However, most archaea are known only from chunks of their genetic code found in these environments, and many haven't been cultured in the lab because it's "Our finding brings us a step closer to understanding how this crucial process gave rise to all eukaryotes, including humans," Leungof an anaerobic archaea and a bacterium it gobbled up billions of years ago. A second, much later endosymbiosis then gave rise to the ancestor of plants, with chloroplasts.
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