Understanding the impact of HPV on the vaginal microbiome and its role in cervical cancer researchsquare microbiome HPV vaginalmicrobiome womenshealth health cancer cervicalcancer
By Shanet Susan AlexJul 17 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study posted to the Research Square* preprint server while it is currently being reviewed for publication in Scientific Reports, researchers determine whether cervical cancer risk could be assessed using microflora-derived metabolites in the cervicovaginal secretions of human papillomavirus -infected females.
What is the vaginal microbiome? Available evidence indicates that vaginal floral imbalance compromises immune responses and facilitates the progression of HPV infection and cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions . Likewise, variations in metabolite levels caused by the vaginal flora could be used as cervical cancer risk factors in women diagnosed with HPV infection.
Cervical lavage fluid samples were collected from HPV-infected women with varying degrees of cervical lesions and examined for cervicovaginal microbiota-derived metabolites. The degree to which cervicovaginal microbiota-derived metabolites differ among women with various degrees of cervical lesions was determined. The researchers also characterized a probable functional impact of cervical-vaginal dystrophy induced by HPV infection.
Study findings A total of 200 vaginal microorganisms were similar between the three patient groups in this study, with Lactobacillus being the most abundant species, followed by Gardnerella. Additionally, 149, 80, and 73 species were unique to NILM, LSIL, and HSIL groups, respectively. Notably, women with a greater number of cervical lesions exhibited a greater abundance of Atopobiu, Sneathia, and other bacteria, whereas Streptococcus levels decreased.
Conclusions Metabolites produced by the cervicovaginal microbiota could be exploited as possible biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of cervical precancerous lesions in HPV-infected women. The study findings also provide new insights into the potential functional ramifications of cervical-vaginal dystrophy caused by HPV.
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