Science, Space and Technology News 2024
A new metasurface developed by Caltech can split a light beam into several channels, enhancing wireless communication and data transmission capabilities at optical frequencies, with potential applications in space communication and LiDAR. Credit: Caltech
“With these metasurfaces, we’ve been able to show that one beam of light comes in, and multiple beams of light go out, each with different optical frequencies and going in different directions,” says Harry Atwater, the Otis Booth Leadership Chair of the Division of Engineering and Applied Science, the Howard Hughes Professor of Applied Physics and Materials Science, and senior author on the new paper. “It’s acting like an entire array of communication channels.
Much previous work with metasurfaces has focused on creating passive devices that have a single light-directing functionality that is fixed in time. In contrast, Atwater’s group focuses on what are known as active metasurfaces. “Now we can apply an external stimulus, such as an array of different voltages, to these devices and tune between different passive functionalities,” says Jared Sisler, also a graduate student in Atwater’s lab and co-lead author on the paper.
Sisler and Thureja created their metasurface to consist of gold antennas, with an underlying electrically tunable semiconductor layer of indium tin oxide. By applying a known voltage profile across the device, they can locally modulate the density of electrons in the semiconductor layer below each antenna, changing its refractive index .
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