The foundation for healthy eating behavior starts in infancy. Young children learn to regulate their appetite through a combination of biological, psychological, and sociological factors.
University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental SciencesOct 18 2024 In a new paper, researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign propose a model that explores these factors and their interactions, providing guidelines for better understanding childhood appetite self-regulation.
Ju and her colleagues provide a comprehensive framework based on the biopsychosocial pathways model, which outlines three interacting categories: Biological factors, including sensory experience, physiological hunger and satiety signals, brain-gut interaction, and the influence of the gut microbiome; psychological factors, including emotional self-regulation, cognitive control, stress regulation, and reward processing; and social factors, such as parental behavior and feeding practices,...
The model also takes children's developmental stages into account. Infants have basic appetite regulation based on physiological cues. They gradually become more susceptible to external influences and by age 3-5 children begin to exhibit greater self-control and emotional regulation. Sehyun Ju, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences at Illinois
For example, Ju and co-author Kelly Bost, professor of child development in HDFS, are conducting an empirical study investigating parent-child interactions during mealtime. Parents filled out questionnaires, and family mealtimes were videotaped, so the researchers could gauge the dyadic interaction between child and caregiver. The research team then looked at the children's approach or withdrawal towards food and evaluated how temperament modulated those associations.
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