Telo-seq -- a new tool -- is bringing telomere science into its modern era. Scientists can finally explore questions about the role of telomeres in aging and cancer that were not accessible with previous methods. The findings will inspire novel telomere-targeting therapeutics for aging-related diseases.
Within each of our cells, long strands of DNA are folded into chromosomes and capped with protective structures called telomeres. But telomeres shorten as we age, eventually getting so whittled down that our chromosomes become exposed, and our cells die.
Using this technique, the researchers have described numerous features of telomere biology that had not been accessible to scientists before. So far, they've observed that within individual human samples, each chromosome arm can have different telomere lengths, and these telomeres can vary significantly in their shortening rates.
While telomere shortening can have devastating effects on a cell's lifespan, the opposite scenario can be equally damaging. When telomere repair mechanisms are overactivated, cells can enter an"immortal" state and divide indefinitely, leading to cancer. Beyond its many immediate clinical applications, Karlseder and Schmidt say Telo-seq's greatest impact will be in igniting a new era of telomere research.
This work was supported by the National Institute of Aging , the National Cancer Institute , the National Institute for General Medicine , the Helmsley Charitable Trust, the Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at UC San Diego , the European Molecular Biology Organization , the JBP Foundation , the Paul F.
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