Early detection is critical when it comes to curing diseases like cancer, but not everyone has easy access to screening tools.
University of Texas at ArlingtonOct 23 2024 For problems in the genitourinary tract , health providers usually use a combination of screening tools, including blood tests, imaging, and physical examinations. Scientists are now working on an even simpler tool for screening illnesses before they become a problem – urine analysis .
According to a new study from scientists at The University of Texas at Arlington, Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, and Stanford University, studying the RNA and other substances within urine can show changes in cell types, revealing early signs of cancer and other diseases. This method could help clinicians detect problems earlier when they are more easily treated without invasive procedures.
The current gold standard for detecting many GU ailments is a biopsy where small tissue is removed during a rectal exam and sent to the lab for analysis. The invasive nature of the test can scare some people from getting the care they need. Our preliminary research shows that studying the RNA found in urine can detect some ailments in their earliest stages where they are easily-;and cost effectively-;managed.
"We're excited about this new research as it may lead to new, easier screening tools that can help detect diseases of the bladder, kidneys, and prostate," said Buonomo. "Although our patient cohort was small, it lays the groundwork for development of a type of 'non-invasive liquid biopsy' that will be used to track the progression of ailments like kidney stones, diabetes, and cancer using urine instead of surgical specimens.
The next phase of the research, Buonomo said, is working on advanced machine learning techniques to further fine-tune the types of differences that can be detected when comparing the RNA and protein signatures of healthy individuals to individuals with diagnosed diseases. They hope identifying additional biomarkers will pave the way for simpler, less invasive diagnostic procedures in the future.Journal reference:Vorperian, S. K., et al. .
Biopsy Bladder Blood Cancer Cell Diabetes Diagnostic Education Genetic Heart Imaging Kidney Machine Learning Pharmaceuticals Prostate Protein RNA Students Therapeutics Urine Analysis
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