Researchers describe the evolutionary origins of hepatitis E virus in rodents.
By Dr. Sanchari Sinha Dutta, Ph.D.Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc.Dec 12 2024 Researchers examine the evolution of hepatitis E virus, which infects 20 million people annually and causes 44,000 deaths worldwide
The epidemiology of hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus is a small single-stranded ribonucleic acid virus belonging to the family Hepeviridae. Current estimates indicate that over 20 million hepatitis E infections occur each year throughout the world, 44,000 of which result in death. The primary mode of viral transmission is through the fecal-oral route, mainly through contaminated water.
Study findings In the current study, scientists perform host genomic data mining to characterize divergent hepeviruses in rodents. A total of 7.67 million sequencing runs from nonhuman mammals were analyzed, from which two genetically divergent rodent-associated hepeviruses were identified. Two bat-associated hepeviruses genetically related to known bat-associated strains were also reported.
Twenty-four near complete hepevirus genomes were isolated from rodents, shrews, and bats. These genomes exhibited a typical hepevirus organization containing open reading frame 1 , ORF2, and ORF3, as well as common functional domains and motifs. As compared to rodents that hosted a large diversity of hepeviruses, bat- and bird-associated hepeviruses formed monophyletic clades that grouped distantly to human-associated hepeviruses. Thus, bats and birds appear to have a limited role in the evolutionary origins of human-associated hepatitis E virus.
Distance-based cophylogenetic reconstructions were also performed, which validated an overall long-term evolutionary association between hepeviruses and their rodent and ungulate hosts.
Hepatitis E Animal Model Camelid Epidemiology Genomic Ribonucleic Acid RNA Virus
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