Countries with less gender equality, of which skewed sex ratios are an indicator, are associated with poor economic performance. Gender imbalances are also thought to lead to more crime
of a girl in pigtails encircled by the words “Save the Girl Child, Educate the Girl Child” is a common sight on billboards across India. It is a public-service advertisement for the government’s $85m campaign to correct the country’s skewed sex ratio at birth. Indians tend to prefer having sons to—and to abort female fetuses in chillingly large numbers as a result. Yet the government’s efforts may be bearing fruit.
The natural sex ratio is around 105 boys per 100 girls. This was roughly the situation in India until the 1980s when prenatal ultrasound became widely available and abortion, which was legalised in 1971, became more widespread. The sex gap duly yawned. According to the 2011 census, India then had a birth ratio of 111 males to 100 females. This was despite longstanding policies to mitigate the problem.
Countries with less gender equality, of which skewed sex ratios are an indicator, are associated with
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