Study explores how wound microbiota affect skin repair and infection risk by altering host immune responses, underscoring the complexity of microbial interactions in wound healing.
By Dr. Sanchari Sinha Dutta, Ph.D.Apr 7 2024Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent Nature Reviews Microbiology study, researchers review how the wound microbiota interferes with skin repair processes and facilitates infection onset by modulating host immune responses.
The wound-healing process involves coagulation, hemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation and migration, and tissue remodeling. Any alteration to these processes can lead to delayed wound healing and the development of a chronic wound. Both exogenous and endogenous microorganisms can contaminate an open wound. The wound can facilitate microbial growth by exposing subcutaneous tissues and nutrients, which can subsequently lead to the colonization of microorganisms in the wound. This type of colonization can cause local infection and biofilm formation, which has the potential to spread to other tissues and organs.
Staphylococcus aureus also produces pore-forming toxins that disrupt the host cell membrane to prevent immune clearance. Furthermore, serine proteases produced by this bacterium act as enterotoxins that induce chronic inflammation and create severe, non-healing diabetic wounds. Streptococcus Streptococcus spp., including β-Hemolytic group A streptococci , group B streptococci , and group C streptococci, can be found in invasive and non-invasive wounds.
Fungi Candida albicans is a fungal species most commonly found in chronic, surgical, and burn wounds. These fungi can enter host cells by binding to E-cadherin and triggering endocytosis. The pathogenicity of C. albicans is dependent on its ability to switch between yeast and a highly invasive hyphal phenotype.
Antibiotic Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria Burn Cell Cell Proliferation Chemicals Chronic Diabetes Fungi Hemostasis Infection Control Inflammation Microbiology Obesity Proliferation Skin Staphylococcus Aureus Toxins Wound Care Wound Healing
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