Research reveals xanthones as promising agents in diabetes management, offering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and insulin-sensitizing benefits.
By Dr. Sanchari Sinha Dutta, Ph.D.Jul 29 2024 In a review article published in the European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports, the authors provide an in-depth overview of the antidiabetic potential and mode of action of xanthones, natural polyphenolic compounds found in various plants.
Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent than type 1 diabetes. The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes can be attributed to a complex interaction between genetic predisposition and certain inherent factors , which can collectively lead to reduced insulin secretion or insulin resistance and subsequent induction in hepatic glucose synthesis. All these factors collectively result in increased blood glucose levels.
Xanthones as adjuvants Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are significant hallmarks of diabetes. The antidiabetic potency of xanthones can be attributed to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, xanthones can be useful in ameliorating diabetes neuropathy and diabetes-related kidney complications because of their neuroprotective and kidney-protective activities.
Evidence indicates that xanthones inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and COX-2 enzyme, which is responsible for mediating inflammation. Moreover, xanthones can inhibit inflammation-inducing signaling pathways, including the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Among synthetic xanthones, hydroxyxanthone, xanthone-triazole derivatives, and xanthone amine derivatives have shown beta-cell protective activities.
Antioxidant Diabetes Apoptosis Blood Cell Chronic Diabetic Nephropathy Diabetic Neuropathy Diabetic Retinopathy Efficacy Endothelial Cell Genetic Glucose Glycation Hyperglycemia Inflammation Insulin Insulin Resistance Kidney Kinase Medicinal Chemistry Metabolic Disease Metabolism Nephropathy Neuropathy Obesity Oxidative Stress Protein Retinopathy Stress Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes
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